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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Enzymes Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
14
Cytoband
q23.1
Chromosome location (bp)
61187559 - 61550976
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)- dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in the regulation of cell differentiation in keratinocytes and pre-B cell receptor, mediates regulation of epithelial tight junction integrity and foam cell formation, and is required for glioblastoma proliferation and apoptosis prevention in MCF-7 cells. In keratinocytes, binds and activates the tyrosine kinase FYN, which in turn blocks epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling and leads to keratinocyte growth arrest and differentiation. Associates with the cyclin CCNE1-CDK2-CDKN1B complex and inhibits CDK2 kinase activity, leading to RB1 dephosphorylation and thereby G1 arrest in keratinocytes. In association with RALA activates actin depolymerization, which is necessary for keratinocyte differentiation. In the pre-B cell receptor signaling, functions downstream of BLNK by up-regulating IRF4, which in turn activates L chain gene rearrangement. Regulates epithelial tight junctions (TJs) by phosphorylating occludin (OCLN) on threonine residues, which is necessary for the assembly and maintenance of TJs. In association with PLD2 and via TLR4 signaling, is involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RGS2 down-regulation and foam cell formation. Upon PMA stimulation, mediates glioblastoma cell proliferation by activating the mTOR pathway, the PI3K/AKT pathway and the ERK1-dependent phosphorylation of ELK1. Involved in the protection of glioblastoma cells from irradiation-induced apoptosis by preventing caspase-9 activation. In camptothecin-treated MCF-7 cells, regulates NF-kappa-B upstream signaling by activating IKBKB, and confers protection against DNA damage-induced apoptosis. Promotes oncogenic functions of ATF2 in the nucleus while blocking its apoptotic function at mitochondria. Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes its nuclear retention and transcriptional activity and negatively regulates its mitochondrial localization....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. PKC family members phosphorylate a wide variety of protein targets and are known to be involved in diverse cellular signaling pathways. PKC family members also serve as major receptors for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters. Each member of the PKC family has a specific expression profile and is believed to play a distinct role in cells. The protein encoded by this gene is one of the PKC family members. It is a calcium-independent and phospholipids-dependent protein kinase. It is predominantly expressed in epithelial tissues and has been shown to reside specifically in the cell nucleus. This protein kinase can regulate keratinocyte differentiation by activating the MAP kinase MAPK13 (p38delta)-activated protein kinase cascade that targets CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (CEBPA). It is also found to mediate the transcription activation of the transglutaminase 1 (TGM1) gene. Mutations in this gene are associated with susceptibility to cerebral infarction. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases AGC Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0004697[protein kinase C activity] GO:0004698[calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity] GO:0004699[calcium-independent protein kinase C activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0005911[cell-cell junction] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0010744[positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018105[peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0019899[enzyme binding] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0031267[small GTPase binding] GO:0034351[negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0045618[positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050861[positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0060252[positive regulation of glial cell proliferation] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0070528[protein kinase C signaling] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1903078[positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:2000810[regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases AGC Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0004697[protein kinase C activity] GO:0004698[calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0010744[positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018105[peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0019899[enzyme binding] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0034351[negative regulation of glial cell apoptotic process] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0045618[positive regulation of keratinocyte differentiation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050861[positive regulation of B cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0060252[positive regulation of glial cell proliferation] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1903078[positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane] GO:2000810[regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
