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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
1
Cytoband
p36.23
Chromosome location (bp)
8861000 - 8879190
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Glycolytic enzyme the catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate 1,2. In addition to glycolysis, involved in various processes such as growth control, hypoxia tolerance and allergic responses 3,4,5,6. May also function in the intravascular and pericellular fibrinolytic system due to its ability to serve as a receptor and activator of plasminogen on the cell surface of several cell-types such as leukocytes and neurons 7. Stimulates immunoglobulin production 8....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
DNA-binding, Lyase, Repressor
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Magnesium, Metal-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes alpha-enolase, one of three enolase isoenzymes found in mammals. Each isoenzyme is a homodimer composed of 2 alpha, 2 gamma, or 2 beta subunits, and functions as a glycolytic enzyme. Alpha-enolase in addition, functions as a structural lens protein (tau-crystallin) in the monomeric form. Alternative splicing of this gene results in a shorter isoform that has been shown to bind to the c-myc promoter and function as a tumor suppressor. Several pseudogenes have been identified, including one on the long arm of chromosome 1. Alpha-enolase has also been identified as an autoantigen in Hashimoto encephalopathy. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Lyases Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000015[phosphopyruvate hydratase complex] GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000287[magnesium ion binding] GO:0000977[RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0001222[transcription corepressor binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003714[transcription corepressor activity] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0004634[phosphopyruvate hydratase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005640[nuclear outer membrane] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0005938[cell cortex] GO:0006096[glycolytic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0009986[cell surface] GO:0010756[positive regulation of plasminogen activation] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016829[lyase activity] GO:0030308[negative regulation of cell growth] GO:0031430[M band] GO:0042803[protein homodimerization activity] GO:0045296[cadherin binding] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045933[positive regulation of muscle contraction] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051020[GTPase binding] GO:0061621[canonical glycolysis] GO:0070062[extracellular exosome] GO:1903298[negative regulation of hypoxia-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:2001171[positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process]
Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
