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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Enzymes Metabolic proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
12
Cytoband
p13.32
Chromosome location (bp)
4307763 - 4360028
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Fructose-bisphosphatase hydrolyzing fructose-2,6-bisphosphate as well as fructose-1,6-bisphosphate 1. Acts as a negative regulator of glycolysis by lowering intracellular levels of fructose-2,6-bisphosphate in a p53/TP53-dependent manner, resulting in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activation and NADPH production 2,3. Contributes to the generation of reduced glutathione to cause a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content, correlating with its ability to protect cells from oxidative or metabolic stress-induced cell death 4,5,6,7,8. Plays a role in promoting protection against cell death during hypoxia by decreasing mitochondria ROS levels in a HK2-dependent manner through a mechanism that is independent of its fructose-bisphosphatase activity 9. In response to cardiac damage stress, mediates p53-induced inhibition of myocyte mitophagy through ROS levels reduction and the subsequent inactivation of BNIP3. Reduced mitophagy results in an enhanced apoptotic myocyte cell death, and exacerbates cardiac damage (By similarity). Plays a role in adult intestinal regeneration; contributes to the growth, proliferation and survival of intestinal crypts following tissue ablation 10. Plays a neuroprotective role against ischemic brain damage by enhancing PPP flux and preserving mitochondria functions (By similarity). Protects glioma cells from hypoxia- and ROS-induced cell death by inhibiting glycolysis and activating mitochondrial energy metabolism and oxygen consumption in a TKTL1-dependent and p53/TP53-independent manner 11. Plays a role in cancer cell survival by promoting DNA repair through activating PPP flux in a CDK5-ATM-dependent signaling pathway during hypoxia and/or genome stress-induced DNA damage responses 12. Involved in intestinal tumor progression 13....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Hydrolase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Apoptosis, Autophagy
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene is regulated as part of the p53 tumor suppressor pathway and encodes a protein with sequence similarity to the bisphosphate domain of the glycolytic enzyme that degrades fructose-2,6-bisphosphate. The protein functions by blocking glycolysis and directing the pathway into the pentose phosphate shunt. Expression of this protein also protects cells from DNA damaging reactive oxygen species and provides some protection from DNA damage-induced apoptosis. The 12p13.32 region that includes this gene is paralogous to the 11q13.3 region. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Metabolic proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000423[mitophagy] GO:0002931[response to ischemia] GO:0003824[catalytic activity] GO:0004083[bisphosphoglycerate 2-phosphatase activity] GO:0004331[fructose-2,6-bisphosphate 2-phosphatase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005741[mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006003[fructose 2,6-bisphosphate metabolic process] GO:0006096[glycolytic process] GO:0006914[autophagy] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0009410[response to xenobiotic stimulus] GO:0010332[response to gamma radiation] GO:0010659[cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process] GO:0010666[positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process] GO:0016787[hydrolase activity] GO:0019661[glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate] GO:0030388[fructose 1,6-bisphosphate metabolic process] GO:0043069[negative regulation of programmed cell death] GO:0043456[regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt] GO:0045739[positive regulation of DNA repair] GO:0045820[negative regulation of glycolytic process] GO:0060576[intestinal epithelial cell development] GO:0071279[cellular response to cobalt ion] GO:0071456[cellular response to hypoxia] GO:0072593[reactive oxygen species metabolic process] GO:1901215[negative regulation of neuron death] GO:1901525[negative regulation of mitophagy] GO:1902153[regulation of response to DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:1903301[positive regulation of hexokinase activity] GO:1904024[negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate] GO:2000378[negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process]
Metabolic proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
