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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Human disease related genes Potential drug targets Transporters
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
2
Cytoband
q37.1
Chromosome location (bp)
233210051 - 233295674
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Plays an essential role in both canonical and non-canonical autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the lipidation to ATG8 family proteins (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B, MAP1LC3C, GABARAPL1, GABARAPL2 and GABARAP) 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. Acts as a molecular hub, coordinating autophagy pathways via distinct domains that support either canonical or non-canonical signaling 9,10. During canonical autophagy, interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to ATG8 proteins, to produce a membrane-bound activated form of ATG8 11,12,13,14,15. Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane 16,17,18,19,20. Also involved in non-canonical autophagy, a parallel pathway involving conjugation of ATG8 proteins to single membranes at endolysosomal compartments, probably by catalyzing conjugation of phosphatidylserine (PS) to ATG8 21. Non-canonical autophagy plays a key role in epithelial cells to limit lethal infection by influenza A (IAV) virus (By similarity). Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production 22,23. Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response 24. Instead, promotes an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway together with NOD1 or NOD2 25. Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell 26....show less
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Autophagy, Protein transport, Transport
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene is part of a large protein complex that is necessary for autophagy, the major process by which intracellular components are targeted to lysosomes for degradation. Defects in this gene are a cause of susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease type 10 (IBD10). Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Q676U5 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Q676U5 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Q676U5 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
E7EVC7 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Q676U5 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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A0A024R494 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] ATG16 autophagy related 16-like 1 (S. cerevisiae), isoform CRA_b
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Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
C9J1B2 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
C9JAY7 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
C9J8C6 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
C9JK97 [Direct mapping] Autophagy-related protein 16-1
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Other immune system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
