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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Enzymes Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
12
Cytoband
q24.13
Chromosome location (bp)
112905856 - 112933219
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Interferon-induced, dsRNA-activated antiviral enzyme which plays a critical role in cellular innate antiviral response 1. In addition, it may also play a role in other cellular processes such as apoptosis, cell growth, differentiation and gene regulation. Synthesizes higher oligomers of 2'-5'-oligoadenylates (2-5A) from ATP which then bind to the inactive monomeric form of ribonuclease L (RNase L) leading to its dimerization and subsequent activation. Activation of RNase L leads to degradation of cellular as well as viral RNA, resulting in the inhibition of protein synthesis, thus terminating viral replication 2,3. Can mediate the antiviral effect via the classical RNase L-dependent pathway or an alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L. The secreted form displays antiviral effect against vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), and encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) and stimulates the alternative antiviral pathway independent of RNase L....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Nucleotidyltransferase, RNA-binding, Transferase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
This interferon-induced gene encodes a protein that synthesizes 2',5'-oligoadenylates (2-5As). This protein plays a key role in innate cellular antiviral response, and has been implicated in other cellular processes like cell growth and apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants with different enzymatic activities. Polymorphisms in this gene have been associated with susceptibility to viral infection, including SARS-CoV-2, and diabetes mellitus, type 1. This gene is located in a cluster of related genes on chromosome 12. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001730[2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005840[ribosome] GO:0006006[glucose metabolic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0016779[nucleotidyltransferase activity] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034142[toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0042593[glucose homeostasis] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043129[surfactant homeostasis] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060337[type I interferon signaling pathway] GO:0060339[negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060700[regulation of ribonuclease activity] GO:0070106[interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071639[positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production] GO:0071659[negative regulation of IP-10 production] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:0140374[antiviral innate immune response] GO:2000342[negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001730[2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006006[glucose metabolic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0016779[nucleotidyltransferase activity] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034142[toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0042593[glucose homeostasis] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043129[surfactant homeostasis] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060339[negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060700[regulation of ribonuclease activity] GO:0070106[interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071639[positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production] GO:0071659[negative regulation of IP-10 production] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:0140374[antiviral innate immune response] GO:2000342[negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001730[2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006006[glucose metabolic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0016779[nucleotidyltransferase activity] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034142[toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035457[cellular response to interferon-alpha] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0042593[glucose homeostasis] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043129[surfactant homeostasis] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051259[protein complex oligomerization] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060339[negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060700[regulation of ribonuclease activity] GO:0070106[interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071639[positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production] GO:0071659[negative regulation of IP-10 production] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:0140374[antiviral innate immune response] GO:1901857[positive regulation of cellular respiration] GO:2000342[negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001730[2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006006[glucose metabolic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0016779[nucleotidyltransferase activity] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034142[toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0042593[glucose homeostasis] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043129[surfactant homeostasis] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060339[negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060700[regulation of ribonuclease activity] GO:0070106[interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071639[positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production] GO:0071659[negative regulation of IP-10 production] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:0140374[antiviral innate immune response] GO:2000342[negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001730[2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase activity] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005840[ribosome] GO:0006006[glucose metabolic process] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0016779[nucleotidyltransferase activity] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034142[toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0042593[glucose homeostasis] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0043129[surfactant homeostasis] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0045071[negative regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060337[type I interferon signaling pathway] GO:0060339[negative regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0060700[regulation of ribonuclease activity] GO:0070106[interleukin-27-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0071639[positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production] GO:0071659[negative regulation of IP-10 production] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:0140374[antiviral innate immune response] GO:2000342[negative regulation of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 production]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
