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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Enzymes Potential drug targets RAS pathway related proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
20
Cytoband
q13.12
Chromosome location (bp)
44966494 - 45080021
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Stress-activated, pro-apoptotic kinase which, following caspase-cleavage, enters the nucleus and induces chromatin condensation followed by internucleosomal DNA fragmentation. Key component of the Hippo signaling pathway which plays a pivotal role in organ size control and tumor suppression by restricting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The core of this pathway is composed of a kinase cascade wherein STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1, in complex with its regulatory protein SAV1, phosphorylates and activates LATS1/2 in complex with its regulatory protein MOB1, which in turn phosphorylates and inactivates YAP1 oncoprotein and WWTR1/TAZ. Phosphorylation of YAP1 by LATS2 inhibits its translocation into the nucleus to regulate cellular genes important for cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration. STK3/MST2 and STK4/MST1 are required to repress proliferation of mature hepatocytes, to prevent activation of facultative adult liver stem cells (oval cells), and to inhibit tumor formation (By similarity). Phosphorylates 'Ser-14' of histone H2B (H2BS14ph) during apoptosis. Phosphorylates FOXO3 upon oxidative stress, which results in its nuclear translocation and cell death initiation. Phosphorylates MOBKL1A, MOBKL1B and RASSF2. Phosphorylates TNNI3 (cardiac Tn-I) and alters its binding affinity to TNNC1 (cardiac Tn-C) and TNNT2 (cardiac Tn-T). Phosphorylates FOXO1 on 'Ser-212' and regulates its activation and stimulates transcription of PMAIP1 in a FOXO1-dependent manner. Phosphorylates SIRT1 and inhibits SIRT1-mediated p53/TP53 deacetylation, thereby promoting p53/TP53 dependent transcription and apoptosis upon DNA damage. Acts as an inhibitor of PKB/AKT1. Phosphorylates AR on 'Ser-650' and suppresses its activity by intersecting with PKB/AKT1 signaling and antagonizing formation of AR-chromatin complexes....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic kinase that is structurally similar to the yeast Ste20p kinase, which acts upstream of the stress-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. The encoded protein can phosphorylate myelin basic protein and undergoes autophosphorylation. A caspase-cleaved fragment of the encoded protein has been shown to be capable of phosphorylating histone H2B. The particular phosphorylation catalyzed by this protein has been correlated with apoptosis, and it's possible that this protein induces the chromatin condensation observed in this process. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases STE Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases STE Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Disease related genes Potential drug targets Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0000287[magnesium ion binding] GO:0000902[cell morphogenesis] GO:0001569[branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis] GO:0001841[neural tube formation] GO:0001934[positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0003157[endocardium development] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006606[protein import into nucleus] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007417[central nervous system development] GO:0008283[cell population proliferation] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008625[extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016604[nuclear body] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018105[peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0030216[keratinocyte differentiation] GO:0032092[positive regulation of protein binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033138[positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0035265[organ growth] GO:0035329[hippo signaling] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0042803[protein homodimerization activity] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043408[regulation of MAPK cascade] GO:0043539[protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity] GO:0045600[positive regulation of fat cell differentiation] GO:0046621[negative regulation of organ growth] GO:0046777[protein autophosphorylation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050673[epithelial cell proliferation] GO:0050680[negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation] GO:0050821[protein stabilization] GO:0051262[protein tetramerization] GO:0060070[canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0060215[primitive hemopoiesis] GO:0060706[cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development] GO:0060800[regulation of cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development] GO:0061629[RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:0090090[negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0097284[hepatocyte apoptotic process] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1902043[positive regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:1903945[positive regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process] GO:1904237[positive regulation of substrate-dependent cell migration, cell attachment to substrate]
MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
F5H5B4 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
