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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Human disease related genes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
5
Cytoband
q31.1
Chromosome location (bp)
132556019 - 132646349
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Component of the MRN complex, which plays a central role in double-strand break (DSB) repair, DNA recombination, maintenance of telomere integrity and meiosis 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8. The MRN complex is involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) via homologous recombination (HR), an error-free mechanism which primarily occurs during S and G2 phases 9,10,11,12,13,14,15. The complex (1) mediates the end resection of damaged DNA, which generates proper single-stranded DNA, a key initial steps in HR, and is (2) required for the recruitment of other repair factors and efficient activation of ATM and ATR upon DNA damage 16,17,18,19,20,21. The MRN complex possesses single-strand endonuclease activity and double-strand-specific 3'-5' exonuclease activity, which are provided by MRE11, to initiate end resection, which is required for single-strand invasion and recombination 22,23,24,25. Within the complex, RAD50 is both required to bind DNA ends and hold them in close proximity and regulate the activity of MRE11 26,27,28. RAD50 provides an ATP-dependent control of MRE11 by positioning DNA ends into the MRE11 active site: ATP-binding induces a large structural change from an open form with accessible MRE11 nuclease sites into a closed form (By similarity). The MRN complex is also required for DNA damage signaling via activation of the ATM and ATR kinases: the nuclease activity of MRE11 is not required to activate ATM and ATR 29,30,31. The MRN complex is also required for the processing of R-loops 32. In telomeres the MRN complex may modulate t-loop formation 33....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Hydrolase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Cell cycle, DNA damage, DNA repair, Host-virus interaction, Meiosis
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad50, a protein involved in DNA double-strand break repair. This protein forms a complex with MRE11 and NBS1. The protein complex binds to DNA and displays numerous enzymatic activities that are required for nonhomologous joining of DNA ends. This protein, cooperating with its partners, is important for DNA double-strand break repair, cell cycle checkpoint activation, telomere maintenance, and meiotic recombination. Knockout studies of the mouse homolog suggest this gene is essential for cell growth and viability. Mutations in this gene are the cause of Nijmegen breakage syndrome-like disorder.[provided by RefSeq, Apr 2010]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Disease related genes Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A494BZX8 [Direct mapping] DNA repair protein RAD50
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SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A494C0Y7 [Direct mapping] DNA repair protein RAD50
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A494C1B7 [Direct mapping] DNA repair protein RAD50
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Immune system diseases Primary immunodeficiency Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
