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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
2
Cytoband
q31.1
Chromosome location (bp)
170813213 - 170861151
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Catalyzes the synthesis of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) with pyridoxal 5'-phosphate as cofactor....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Decarboxylase, Lyase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Neurotransmitter biosynthesis
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Pyridoxal phosphate
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes one of several forms of glutamic acid decarboxylase, identified as a major autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes. The enzyme encoded is responsible for catalyzing the production of gamma-aminobutyric acid from L-glutamic acid. A pathogenic role for this enzyme has been identified in the human pancreas since it has been identified as an autoantigen and an autoreactive T cell target in insulin-dependent diabetes. This gene may also play a role in the stiff man syndrome. Deficiency in this enzyme has been shown to lead to pyridoxine dependency with seizures. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two products, the predominant 67-kD form and a less-frequent 25-kD form. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Lyases Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Lyases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Lyases Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Lyases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Epilepsy Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
