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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Enzymes Transporters
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
14
Cytoband
q12
Chromosome location (bp)
24336025 - 24340022
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase that activates necroptosis and apoptosis, two parallel forms of cell death 1,2,3,4,5,6,7. Necroptosis, a programmed cell death process in response to death-inducing TNF-alpha family members, is triggered by RIPK3 following activation by ZBP1 8,9,10,11,12,13,14. Activated RIPK3 forms a necrosis-inducing complex and mediates phosphorylation of MLKL, promoting MLKL localization to the plasma membrane and execution of programmed necrosis characterized by calcium influx and plasma membrane damage 15,16,17,18,19,20,21. In addition to TNF-induced necroptosis, necroptosis can also take place in the nucleus in response to orthomyxoviruses infection: following ZBP1 activation, which senses double-stranded Z-RNA structures, nuclear RIPK3 catalyzes phosphorylation and activation of MLKL, promoting disruption of the nuclear envelope and leakage of cellular DNA into the cytosol (By similarity). Also regulates apoptosis: apoptosis depends on RIPK1, FADD and CASP8, and is independent of MLKL and RIPK3 kinase activity (By similarity). Phosphorylates RIPK1: RIPK1 and RIPK3 undergo reciprocal auto- and trans-phosphorylation 22. In some cell types, also able to restrict viral replication by promoting cell death-independent responses (By similarity). In response to Zika virus infection in neurons, promotes a cell death-independent pathway that restricts viral replication: together with ZBP1, promotes a death-independent transcriptional program that modifies the cellular metabolism via up-regulation expression of the enzyme ACOD1/IRG1 and production of the metabolite itaconate (By similarity). Itaconate inhibits the activity of succinate dehydrogenase, generating a metabolic state in neurons that suppresses replication of viral genomes (By similarity). RIPK3 binds to and enhances the activity of three metabolic enzymes: GLUL, GLUD1, and PYGL 23. These metabolic enzymes may eventually stimulate the tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, which could result in enhanced ROS production 24....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Apoptosis, Host-virus interaction, Necrosis
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The product of this gene is a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, and contains a C-terminal domain unique from other RIP family members. The encoded protein is predominantly localized to the cytoplasm, and can undergo nucleocytoplasmic shuttling dependent on novel nuclear localization and export signals. It is a component of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-I signaling complex, and can induce apoptosis and weakly activate the NF-kappaB transcription factor. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases TKL Ser/Thr protein kinases Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001914[regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity] GO:0002819[regulation of adaptive immune response] GO:0003713[transcription coactivator activity] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0004704[NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007249[I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0010922[positive regulation of phosphatase activity] GO:0010940[positive regulation of necrotic cell death] GO:0012501[programmed cell death] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0032147[activation of protein kinase activity] GO:0032649[regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0033077[T cell differentiation in thymus] GO:0036211[protein modification process] GO:0038061[NIK/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0042981[regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043029[T cell homeostasis] GO:0044877[protein-containing complex binding] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046006[regulation of activated T cell proliferation] GO:0046777[protein autophosphorylation] GO:0048535[lymph node development] GO:0048536[spleen development] GO:0048538[thymus development] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0051351[positive regulation of ligase activity] GO:0051353[positive regulation of oxidoreductase activity] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060545[positive regulation of necroptotic process] GO:0070235[regulation of activation-induced cell death of T cells] GO:0070266[necroptotic process] GO:0070301[cellular response to hydrogen peroxide] GO:0072593[reactive oxygen species metabolic process] GO:0097190[apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097300[programmed necrotic cell death] GO:0097527[necroptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097528[execution phase of necroptosis] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1990000[amyloid fibril formation] GO:2000377[regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process] GO:2000379[positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process] GO:2000452[regulation of CD8-positive, alpha-beta cytotoxic T cell extravasation] GO:2001244[positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
