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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Enzymes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes RAS pathway related proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
3
Cytoband
p25.2
Chromosome location (bp)
12582101 - 12664201
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation. RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2). The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75'. Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation. Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity. Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T. Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1). Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death. Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing. Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN. Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
L7RRS6 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases TKL Ser/Thr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0001678[cellular glucose homeostasis] GO:0001934[positive regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0004709[MAP kinase kinase kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005741[mitochondrial outer membrane] GO:0005794[Golgi apparatus] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007190[activation of adenylate cyclase activity] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008286[insulin receptor signaling pathway] GO:0008625[extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0019899[enzyme binding] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0030878[thyroid gland development] GO:0031143[pseudopodium] GO:0031267[small GTPase binding] GO:0031333[negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly] GO:0033138[positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation] GO:0035019[somatic stem cell population maintenance] GO:0035023[regulation of Rho protein signal transduction] GO:0035773[insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus] GO:0035994[response to muscle stretch] GO:0036211[protein modification process] GO:0042060[wound healing] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0042981[regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043066[negative regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043154[negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process] GO:0043410[positive regulation of MAPK cascade] GO:0043539[protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity] GO:0044342[type B pancreatic cell proliferation] GO:0045104[intermediate filament cytoskeleton organization] GO:0045595[regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0048009[insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048011[neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048538[thymus development] GO:0060324[face development] GO:0071550[death-inducing signaling complex assembly] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1902042[negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors] GO:2000145[regulation of cell motility]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A0S2Z559 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases TKL Ser/Thr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A0S2Z4L5 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
L7RRS6 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases TKL Ser/Thr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A8I5KTA5 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A0S2Z4L5 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A8I5KQV4 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A8I5KSV6 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
L7RRS6 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases TKL Ser/Thr protein kinases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A0S2Z4L5 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
A0A8I5KSB0 [Direct mapping] Non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase
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Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC RAS pathway related proteins Cancer-related genes COSMIC somatic mutations in cancer genes COSMIC Amplifications COSMIC Somatic Mutations COSMIC Translocations Human disease related genes Cardiovascular diseases Cardiac diseases Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
