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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Enzymes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
15
Cytoband
q21.2
Chromosome location (bp)
51208057 - 51338601
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the conversion of C19 androgens, androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (androstenedione) and testosterone to the C18 estrogens, estrone and estradiol, respectively 1,2. Catalyzes three successive oxidations of C19 androgens: two conventional oxidations at C19 yielding 19-hydroxy and 19-oxo/19-aldehyde derivatives, followed by a third oxidative aromatization step that involves C1-beta hydrogen abstraction combined with cleavage of the C10-C19 bond to yield a phenolic A ring and formic acid 3. Alternatively, the third oxidative reaction yields a 19-norsteroid and formic acid. Converts dihydrotestosterone to delta1,10-dehydro 19-nordihydrotestosterone and may play a role in homeostasis of this potent androgen 4. Also displays 2-hydroxylase activity toward estrone 5. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate, and reducing the second into a water molecule, with two electrons provided by NADPH via cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR; NADPH-ferrihemoprotein reductase) 6,7....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Lipid metabolism
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Heme, Iron, Metal-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and catalyzes the last steps of estrogen biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene can result in either increased or decreased aromatase activity; the associated phenotypes suggest that estrogen functions both as a sex steroid hormone and in growth or differentiation. Alternative promoter use and alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants that have different tissue specificities. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
A0A024R5S8 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a
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Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins Predicted membrane proteins Prediction method-based Membrane proteins predicted by MDM MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins # TM segments-based 2TM proteins predicted by MDM Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
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GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006703[estrogen biosynthetic process] GO:0006710[androgen catabolic process] GO:0006949[syncytium formation] GO:0008395[steroid hydroxylase activity] GO:0008585[female gonad development] GO:0009055[electron transfer activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0016712[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen] GO:0019825[oxygen binding] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0022900[electron transport chain] GO:0032355[response to estradiol] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0070330[aromatase activity] GO:2000866[positive regulation of estradiol secretion]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006703[estrogen biosynthetic process] GO:0006710[androgen catabolic process] GO:0006949[syncytium formation] GO:0008395[steroid hydroxylase activity] GO:0008585[female gonad development] GO:0009055[electron transfer activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0016712[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen] GO:0019825[oxygen binding] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0022900[electron transport chain] GO:0032355[response to estradiol] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0070330[aromatase activity] GO:2000866[positive regulation of estradiol secretion]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006703[estrogen biosynthetic process] GO:0006710[androgen catabolic process] GO:0006949[syncytium formation] GO:0008395[steroid hydroxylase activity] GO:0008585[female gonad development] GO:0009055[electron transfer activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0016712[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen] GO:0019825[oxygen binding] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0022900[electron transport chain] GO:0032355[response to estradiol] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0070330[aromatase activity] GO:2000866[positive regulation of estradiol secretion]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
Metabolic proteins Predicted membrane proteins Prediction method-based Membrane proteins predicted by MDM MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins # TM segments-based 1TM proteins predicted by MDM Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0046872[metal ion binding]
A0A024R5S8 [Target identity:100%; Query identity:100%] Cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a
Show all
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins Predicted membrane proteins Prediction method-based Membrane proteins predicted by MDM MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins # TM segments-based 1TM proteins predicted by MDM Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006703[estrogen biosynthetic process] GO:0006710[androgen catabolic process] GO:0006949[syncytium formation] GO:0008395[steroid hydroxylase activity] GO:0008585[female gonad development] GO:0009055[electron transfer activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0016712[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen, reduced flavin or flavoprotein as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen] GO:0019825[oxygen binding] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0022900[electron transport chain] GO:0032355[response to estradiol] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0070330[aromatase activity] GO:2000866[positive regulation of estradiol secretion]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Gonadal diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
