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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Enzymes FDA approved drug targets Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
15
Cytoband
q24.1
Chromosome location (bp)
74337759 - 74367646
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
A cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that catalyzes the side-chain hydroxylation and cleavage of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the precursor of most steroid hormones 1. Catalyzes three sequential oxidation reactions of cholesterol, namely the hydroxylation at C22 followed with the hydroxylation at C20 to yield 20R,22R-hydroxycholesterol that is further cleaved between C20 and C22 to yield the C21-steroid pregnenolone and 4-methylpentanal 2. Mechanistically, uses molecular oxygen inserting one oxygen atom into a substrate and reducing the second into a water molecule. Two electrons are provided by NADPH via a two-protein mitochondrial transfer system comprising flavoprotein FDXR (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin reductase) and nonheme iron-sulfur protein FDX1 or FDX2 (adrenodoxin/ferredoxin) 3....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Monooxygenase, Oxidoreductase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Heme, Iron, Metal-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. This protein localizes to the mitochondrial inner membrane and catalyzes the conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone, the first and rate-limiting step in the synthesis of the steroid hormones. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. The cellular location of the smaller isoform is unclear since it lacks the mitochondrial-targeting transit peptide. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005743[mitochondrial inner membrane] GO:0005759[mitochondrial matrix] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006700[C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process] GO:0006704[glucocorticoid biosynthetic process] GO:0008202[steroid metabolic process] GO:0008203[cholesterol metabolic process] GO:0008207[C21-steroid hormone metabolic process] GO:0008386[cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0034650[cortisol metabolic process] GO:0042359[vitamin D metabolic process] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0071375[cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005743[mitochondrial inner membrane] GO:0005759[mitochondrial matrix] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006700[C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process] GO:0006704[glucocorticoid biosynthetic process] GO:0008202[steroid metabolic process] GO:0008203[cholesterol metabolic process] GO:0008207[C21-steroid hormone metabolic process] GO:0008386[cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016125[sterol metabolic process] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0034650[cortisol metabolic process] GO:0042359[vitamin D metabolic process] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0071375[cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus]
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005743[mitochondrial inner membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006700[C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process] GO:0008202[steroid metabolic process] GO:0008203[cholesterol metabolic process] GO:0008207[C21-steroid hormone metabolic process] GO:0008386[cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0046872[metal ion binding]
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005743[mitochondrial inner membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006700[C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process] GO:0008202[steroid metabolic process] GO:0008203[cholesterol metabolic process] GO:0008207[C21-steroid hormone metabolic process] GO:0008386[cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0046872[metal ion binding]
Metabolic proteins MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0004497[monooxygenase activity] GO:0005506[iron ion binding] GO:0005739[mitochondrion] GO:0005743[mitochondrial inner membrane] GO:0006629[lipid metabolic process] GO:0006694[steroid biosynthetic process] GO:0006700[C21-steroid hormone biosynthetic process] GO:0008202[steroid metabolic process] GO:0008203[cholesterol metabolic process] GO:0008207[C21-steroid hormone metabolic process] GO:0008386[cholesterol monooxygenase (side-chain-cleaving) activity] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016705[oxidoreductase activity, acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen] GO:0020037[heme binding] GO:0046872[metal ion binding]
Metabolic proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Endocrine and metabolic diseases Adrenal gland diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
