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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
16
Cytoband
q12.2
Chromosome location (bp)
53701692 - 54158512
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
RNA demethylase that mediates oxidative demethylation of different RNA species, such as mRNAs, tRNAs and snRNAs, and acts as a regulator of fat mass, adipogenesis and energy homeostasis 1,2,3,4,5,6. Specifically demethylates N(6)- methyladenosine (m6A) RNA, the most prevalent internal modification of messenger RNA (mRNA) in higher eukaryotes 7,8,9,10,11. M6A demethylation by FTO affects mRNA expression and stability 12. Also able to demethylate m6A in U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) 13. Mediates demethylation of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)), by demethylating the N(6)- methyladenosine at the second transcribed position of mRNAs and U6 snRNA 14,15. Demethylation of m6A(m) in the 5'-cap by FTO affects mRNA stability by promoting susceptibility to decapping 16. Also acts as a tRNA demethylase by removing N(1)-methyladenine from various tRNAs 17. Has no activity towards 1-methylguanine 18. Has no detectable activity towards double-stranded DNA 19. Also able to repair alkylated DNA and RNA by oxidative demethylation: demethylates single-stranded RNA containing 3-methyluracil, single-stranded DNA containing 3-methylthymine and has low demethylase activity towards single-stranded DNA containing 1-methyladenine or 3-methylcytosine 20,21. Ability to repair alkylated DNA and RNA is however unsure in vivo 22,23. Involved in the regulation of fat mass, adipogenesis and body weight, thereby contributing to the regulation of body size and body fat accumulation 24,25. Involved in the regulation of thermogenesis and the control of adipocyte differentiation into brown or white fat cells 26. Regulates activity of the dopaminergic midbrain circuitry via its ability to demethylate m6A in mRNAs (By similarity). Plays an oncogenic role in a number of acute myeloid leukemias by enhancing leukemic oncogene-mediated cell transformation: acts by mediating m6A demethylation of target transcripts such as MYC, CEBPA, ASB2 and RARA, leading to promote their expression 27,28....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Dioxygenase, Oxidoreductase, Transferase
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Iron, Metal-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene is a nuclear protein of the AlkB related non-haem iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenase superfamily but the exact physiological function of this gene is not known. Other non-heme iron enzymes function to reverse alkylated DNA and RNA damage by oxidative demethylation. Studies in mice and humans indicate a role in nervous and cardiovascular systems and a strong association with body mass index, obesity risk, and type 2 diabetes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2011]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Oxidoreductases Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016607[nuclear speck] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051213[dioxygenase activity] GO:1990931[mRNA N6-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016607[nuclear speck] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051213[dioxygenase activity] GO:1990931[mRNA N6-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016607[nuclear speck] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051213[dioxygenase activity] GO:1990931[mRNA N6-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0016491[oxidoreductase activity] GO:0016607[nuclear speck] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0051213[dioxygenase activity] GO:1990931[mRNA N6-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0006307[DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair] GO:0035515[oxidative RNA demethylase activity] GO:0035516[oxidative DNA demethylase activity] GO:0035552[oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation] GO:0035553[oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation] GO:0040014[regulation of multicellular organism growth] GO:0042245[RNA repair]
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Other congenital malformations Endocrine and metabolic diseases Diabetes Other endocrine and metabolic diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
