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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Enzymes Plasma proteins
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
11
Cytoband
q24.2
Chromosome location (bp)
125625163 - 125676255
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Serine/threonine-protein kinase which is required for checkpoint-mediated cell cycle arrest and activation of DNA repair in response to the presence of DNA damage or unreplicated DNA 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. May also negatively regulate cell cycle progression during unperturbed cell cycles 10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17. This regulation is achieved by a number of mechanisms that together help to preserve the integrity of the genome 18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25. Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [R-X-X-S/T] 26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33. Binds to and phosphorylates CDC25A, CDC25B and CDC25C 34,35,36,37,38,39,40. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-178' and 'Thr-507' and phosphorylation of CDC25C at 'Ser-216' creates binding sites for 14-3-3 proteins which inhibit CDC25A and CDC25C 41. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-76', 'Ser-124', 'Ser-178', 'Ser-279' and 'Ser-293' promotes proteolysis of CDC25A 42,43,44,45,46,47. Phosphorylation of CDC25A at 'Ser-76' primes the protein for subsequent phosphorylation at 'Ser-79', 'Ser-82' and 'Ser-88' by NEK11, which is required for polyubiquitination and degradation of CDCD25A 48,49,50. Inhibition of CDC25 leads to increased inhibitory tyrosine phosphorylation of CDK-cyclin complexes and blocks cell cycle progression 51. Also phosphorylates NEK6 52. Binds to and phosphorylates RAD51 at 'Thr-309', which promotes the release of RAD51 from BRCA2 and enhances the association of RAD51 with chromatin, thereby promoting DNA repair by homologous recombination 53. Phosphorylates multiple sites within the C-terminus of TP53, which promotes activation of TP53 by acetylation and promotes cell cycle arrest and suppression of cellular proliferation 54,55,56. Also promotes repair of DNA cross-links through phosphorylation of FANCE 57. Binds to and phosphorylates TLK1 at 'Ser-743', which prevents the TLK1-dependent phosphorylation of the chromatin assembly factor ASF1A 58,59. This may enhance chromatin assembly both in the presence or absence of DNA damage 60,61. May also play a role in replication fork maintenance through regulation of PCNA 62. May regulate the transcription of genes that regulate cell-cycle progression through the phosphorylation of histones (By similarity). Phosphorylates histone H3.1 (to form H3T11ph), which leads to epigenetic inhibition of a subset of genes (By similarity). May also phosphorylate RB1 to promote its interaction with the E2F family of transcription factors and subsequent cell cycle arrest 63. Phosphorylates SPRTN, promoting SPRTN recruitment to chromatin 64. Reduces replication stress and activates the G2/M checkpoint, by phosphorylating and inactivating PABIR1/FAM122A and promoting the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A-mediated dephosphorylation and stabilization of WEE1 levels and activity 65....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Cell cycle, DNA damage, DNA repair
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
ATP-binding, Nucleotide-binding
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. It is required for checkpoint mediated cell cycle arrest in response to DNA damage or the presence of unreplicated DNA. This protein acts to integrate signals from ATM and ATR, two cell cycle proteins involved in DNA damage responses, that also associate with chromatin in meiotic prophase I. Phosphorylation of CDC25A protein phosphatase by this protein is required for cells to delay cell cycle progression in response to double-strand DNA breaks. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2011]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000077[DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0000781[chromosome, telomeric region] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000794[condensed nuclear chromosome] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005813[centrosome] GO:0005815[microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005856[cytoskeleton] GO:0006260[DNA replication] GO:0006281[DNA repair] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007049[cell cycle] GO:0007095[mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0010569[regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination] GO:0010767[regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016570[histone modification] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018107[peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0035402[histone kinase activity (H3-T11 specific)] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0042770[signal transduction in response to DNA damage] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0044818[mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint] GO:0045787[positive regulation of cell cycle] GO:0045815[transcriptional initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling] GO:0045839[negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division] GO:0046602[regulation of mitotic centrosome separation] GO:0070317[negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0090399[replicative senescence] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1901796[regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator] GO:2000615[regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000077[DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0000781[chromosome, telomeric region] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000794[condensed nuclear chromosome] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005813[centrosome] GO:0005815[microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005856[cytoskeleton] GO:0006260[DNA replication] GO:0006281[DNA repair] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007049[cell cycle] GO:0007095[mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0010569[regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination] GO:0010767[regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016570[histone modification] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018107[peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0035402[histone kinase activity (H3-T11 specific)] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0042770[signal transduction in response to DNA damage] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0044818[mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint] GO:0045787[positive regulation of cell cycle] GO:0045815[transcriptional initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling] GO:0045839[negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division] GO:0046602[regulation of mitotic centrosome separation] GO:0070317[negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0090399[replicative senescence] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1901796[regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator] GO:2000615[regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation]
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0000077[DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0000086[G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle] GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0000781[chromosome, telomeric region] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000794[condensed nuclear chromosome] GO:0001833[inner cell mass cell proliferation] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005657[replication fork] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005813[centrosome] GO:0005815[microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005856[cytoskeleton] GO:0006260[DNA replication] GO:0006281[DNA repair] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0006997[nucleus organization] GO:0007049[cell cycle] GO:0007095[mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010569[regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination] GO:0010767[regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage] GO:0010972[negative regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016570[histone modification] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018107[peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0035402[histone kinase activity (H3-T11 specific)] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0042127[regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0042770[signal transduction in response to DNA damage] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0044818[mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint] GO:0045787[positive regulation of cell cycle] GO:0045815[transcriptional initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling] GO:0045839[negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division] GO:0046602[regulation of mitotic centrosome separation] GO:0070317[negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0071310[cellular response to organic substance] GO:0071313[cellular response to caffeine] GO:0090399[replicative senescence] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1901796[regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator] GO:1902742[apoptotic process involved in development] GO:2000279[negative regulation of DNA biosynthetic process] GO:2000615[regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation]
MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Transferases Kinases CAMK Ser/Thr protein kinases MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000077[DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0000166[nucleotide binding] GO:0000781[chromosome, telomeric region] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000794[condensed nuclear chromosome] GO:0004672[protein kinase activity] GO:0004674[protein serine/threonine kinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005524[ATP binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005694[chromosome] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005813[centrosome] GO:0005815[microtubule organizing center] GO:0005829[cytosol] GO:0005856[cytoskeleton] GO:0006260[DNA replication] GO:0006281[DNA repair] GO:0006468[protein phosphorylation] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007049[cell cycle] GO:0007095[mitotic G2 DNA damage checkpoint signaling] GO:0010569[regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination] GO:0010767[regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to UV-induced DNA damage] GO:0016301[kinase activity] GO:0016310[phosphorylation] GO:0016570[histone modification] GO:0016740[transferase activity] GO:0018107[peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0035402[histone kinase activity (H3-T11 specific)] GO:0035556[intracellular signal transduction] GO:0042770[signal transduction in response to DNA damage] GO:0043231[intracellular membrane-bounded organelle] GO:0044818[mitotic G2/M transition checkpoint] GO:0045787[positive regulation of cell cycle] GO:0045815[transcriptional initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling] GO:0045839[negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division] GO:0046602[regulation of mitotic centrosome separation] GO:0070317[negative regulation of G0 to G1 transition] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0090399[replicative senescence] GO:0106310[protein serine kinase activity] GO:1901796[regulation of signal transduction by p53 class mediator] GO:2000615[regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation]
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