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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
1
Cytoband
p34.3
Chromosome location (bp)
37474580 - 37484377
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Endoribonuclease involved in various biological functions such as cellular inflammatory response and immune homeostasis, glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells, cell death of cardiomyocytes, adipogenesis and angiogenesis. Functions as an endoribonuclease involved in mRNA decay 1. Modulates the inflammatory response by promoting the degradation of a set of translationally active cytokine-induced inflammation-related mRNAs, such as IL6 and IL12B, during the early phase of inflammation 2. Prevents aberrant T-cell-mediated immune reaction by degradation of multiple mRNAs controlling T-cell activation, such as those encoding cytokines (IL6 and IL2), cell surface receptors (ICOS, TNFRSF4 and TNFR2) and transcription factor (REL) (By similarity). Inhibits cooperatively with ZC3H12A the differentiation of helper T cells Th17 in lungs. They repress target mRNA encoding the Th17 cell-promoting factors IL6, ICOS, REL, IRF4, NFKBID and NFKBIZ. The cooperation requires RNA-binding by RC3H1 and the nuclease activity of ZC3H12A (By similarity). Together with RC3H1, destabilizes TNFRSF4/OX40 mRNA by binding to the conserved stem loop structure in its 3'UTR (By similarity). Self regulates by destabilizing its own mRNA (By similarity). Cleaves mRNA harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-dependent manner 3,4,5,6. Plays a role in the inhibition of microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis 7. Cleaves the terminal loop of a set of precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) important for the regulation of the inflammatory response leading to their degradation, and thus preventing the biosynthesis of mature miRNAs 8. Also plays a role in promoting angiogenesis in response to inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the production of antiangiogenic microRNAs via its anti-dicer RNase activity 9. Affects the overall ubiquitination of cellular proteins (By similarity). Positively regulates deubiquitinase activity promoting the cleavage at 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains on TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), preventing JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathway activation, and hence negatively regulating macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and immune homeostasis (By similarity). Induces also deubiquitination of the transcription factor HIF1A, probably leading to its stabilization and nuclear import, thereby positively regulating the expression of proangiogenic HIF1A-targeted genes 10. Involved in a TANK-dependent negative feedback response to attenuate NF-kappaB activation through the deubiquitination of IKBKG or TRAF6 in response to interleukin-1-beta (IL1B) stimulation or upon DNA damage 11. Prevents stress granule (SGs) formation and promotes macrophage apoptosis under stress conditions, including arsenite-induced oxidative stress, heat shock and energy deprivation (By similarity). Plays a role in the regulation of macrophage polarization; promotes IL4-induced polarization of macrophages M1 into anti-inflammatory M2 state (By similarity). May also act as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in inflammatory response, angiogenesis, adipogenesis and apoptosis 12,13. Functions as a positive regulator of glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells through an amyloid precursor protein (APP)-dependent signaling pathway 14. Attenuates septic myocardial contractile dysfunction in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK)-mediated NF-kappa-B activation, and hence myocardial pro-inflammatory cytokine production (By similarity)....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Magnesium, Metal-binding, Zinc
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
ZC3H12A is an MCP1 (CCL2; MIM 158105)-induced protein that acts as a transcriptional activator and causes cell death of cardiomyocytes, possibly via induction of genes associated with apoptosis.[supplied by OMIM, Mar 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Disease related genes Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Show all
GO:0000294[nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, endonucleolytic cleavage-dependent decay] GO:0000932[P-body] GO:0001525[angiogenesis] GO:0001933[negative regulation of protein phosphorylation] GO:0002230[positive regulation of defense response to virus by host] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002757[immune response-activating signal transduction] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003729[mRNA binding] GO:0003730[mRNA 3'-UTR binding] GO:0004518[nuclease activity] GO:0004519[endonuclease activity] GO:0004521[endoribonuclease activity] GO:0004532[exoribonuclease activity] GO:0004540[ribonuclease activity] GO:0004843[cysteine-type deubiquitinase activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005791[rough endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005856[cytoskeleton] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006974[cellular response to DNA damage stimulus] GO:0007399[nervous system development] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010508[positive regulation of autophagy] GO:0010587[miRNA catabolic process] GO:0010595[positive regulation of endothelial cell migration] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0010629[negative regulation of gene expression] GO:0010656[negative regulation of muscle cell apoptotic process] GO:0010884[positive regulation of lipid storage] GO:0010942[positive regulation of cell death] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016579[protein deubiquitination] GO:0016787[hydrolase activity] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0030867[rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0032088[negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0032689[negative regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032691[negative regulation of interleukin-1 beta production] GO:0032715[negative regulation of interleukin-6 production] GO:0032720[negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0032991[protein-containing complex] GO:0034599[cellular response to oxidative stress] GO:0035198[miRNA binding] GO:0035613[RNA stem-loop binding] GO:0035925[mRNA 3'-UTR AU-rich region binding] GO:0036464[cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule] GO:0042149[cellular response to glucose starvation] GO:0042307[positive regulation of protein import into nucleus] GO:0042406[extrinsic component of endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0043022[ribosome binding] GO:0043031[negative regulation of macrophage activation] GO:0043124[negative regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0044828[negative regulation by host of viral genome replication] GO:0045019[negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process] GO:0045600[positive regulation of fat cell differentiation] GO:0045766[positive regulation of angiogenesis] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0050852[T cell receptor signaling pathway] GO:0051259[protein complex oligomerization] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0055118[negative regulation of cardiac muscle contraction] GO:0061014[positive regulation of mRNA catabolic process] GO:0061158[3'-UTR-mediated mRNA destabilization] GO:0071222[cellular response to lipopolysaccharide] GO:0071347[cellular response to interleukin-1] GO:0071356[cellular response to tumor necrosis factor] GO:0090501[RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis] GO:0090502[RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic] GO:0090503[RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, exonucleolytic] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:1900016[negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response] GO:1900119[positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis] GO:1900745[positive regulation of p38MAPK cascade] GO:1901223[negative regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:1903003[positive regulation of protein deubiquitination] GO:1903936[cellular response to sodium arsenite] GO:1904637[cellular response to ionomycin] GO:1990869[cellular response to chemokine] GO:2000320[negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation] GO:2000379[positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process] GO:2000627[positive regulation of miRNA catabolic process]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
