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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
CD markers Disease related genes Human disease related genes Potential drug targets Transporters
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
4
Cytoband
q35.1
Chromosome location (bp)
186068911 - 186088073
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Key component of innate and adaptive immunity. TLRs (Toll-like receptors) control host immune response against pathogens through recognition of molecular patterns specific to microorganisms. TLR3 is a nucleotide-sensing TLR which is activated by double-stranded RNA, a sign of viral infection. Acts via the adapter TRIF/TICAM1, leading to NF-kappa-B activation, IRF3 nuclear translocation, cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Receptor, RNA-binding
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Immunity, Inflammatory response, Innate immunity
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This receptor is most abundantly expressed in placenta and pancreas, and is restricted to the dendritic subpopulation of the leukocytes. It recognizes dsRNA associated with viral infection, and induces the activation of NF-kappaB and the production of type I interferons. It thus plays a role in host defense against multiple viruses. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2021]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
CD markers Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted membrane proteins Prediction method-based Membrane proteins predicted by MDM MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins # TM segments-based 1TM proteins predicted by MDM Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
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GO:0000139[Golgi membrane] GO:0000165[MAPK cascade] GO:0001774[microglial cell activation] GO:0001819[positive regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002224[toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002730[regulation of dendritic cell cytokine production] GO:0002756[MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0004888[transmembrane signaling receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005765[lysosomal membrane] GO:0005768[endosome] GO:0005769[early endosome] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006952[defense response] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0006972[hyperosmotic response] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007249[I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0007250[activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity] GO:0007252[I-kappaB phosphorylation] GO:0007254[JNK cascade] GO:0008584[male gonad development] GO:0009597[detection of virus] GO:0009605[response to external stimulus] GO:0009615[response to virus] GO:0010008[endosome membrane] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016021[integral component of membrane] GO:0031012[extracellular matrix] GO:0032481[positive regulation of type I interferon production] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0032727[positive regulation of interferon-alpha production] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032735[positive regulation of interleukin-12 production] GO:0032755[positive regulation of interleukin-6 production] GO:0032757[positive regulation of interleukin-8 production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034123[positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0034343[type III interferon production] GO:0034346[positive regulation of type III interferon production] GO:0035458[cellular response to interferon-beta] GO:0036020[endolysosome membrane] GO:0038023[signaling receptor activity] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043123[positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling] GO:0043330[response to exogenous dsRNA] GO:0043331[response to dsRNA] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045671[negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation] GO:0045766[positive regulation of angiogenesis] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046330[positive regulation of JNK cascade] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051092[positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0060907[positive regulation of macrophage cytokine production] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0071346[cellular response to interferon-gamma] GO:0071360[cellular response to exogenous dsRNA] GO:0071466[cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus] GO:0097191[extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097527[necroptotic signaling pathway] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus] GO:1901224[positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling]
CD markers Transporters Accessory Factors Involved in Transport Predicted membrane proteins Prediction method-based Membrane proteins predicted by MDM MEMSAT3 predicted membrane proteins MEMSAT-SVM predicted membrane proteins Phobius predicted membrane proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins TMHMM predicted membrane proteins # TM segments-based 1TM proteins predicted by MDM Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Other nervous and sensory system diseases Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
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GO:0000139[Golgi membrane] GO:0001819[positive regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002224[toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002376[immune system process] GO:0002756[MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0003723[RNA binding] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0004888[transmembrane signaling receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0005765[lysosomal membrane] GO:0005768[endosome] GO:0005769[early endosome] GO:0005783[endoplasmic reticulum] GO:0005789[endoplasmic reticulum membrane] GO:0005886[plasma membrane] GO:0006954[inflammatory response] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0006972[hyperosmotic response] GO:0007165[signal transduction] GO:0007250[activation of NF-kappaB-inducing kinase activity] GO:0007252[I-kappaB phosphorylation] GO:0009597[detection of virus] GO:0009605[response to external stimulus] GO:0010008[endosome membrane] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0016021[integral component of membrane] GO:0031012[extracellular matrix] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0032727[positive regulation of interferon-alpha production] GO:0032728[positive regulation of interferon-beta production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0032735[positive regulation of interleukin-12 production] GO:0032755[positive regulation of interleukin-6 production] GO:0032757[positive regulation of interleukin-8 production] GO:0032760[positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production] GO:0034123[positive regulation of toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0036020[endolysosome membrane] GO:0038023[signaling receptor activity] GO:0042742[defense response to bacterium] GO:0042802[identical protein binding] GO:0043330[response to exogenous dsRNA] GO:0043331[response to dsRNA] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045671[negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0071260[cellular response to mechanical stimulus] GO:0097191[extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway] GO:0097527[necroptotic signaling pathway] GO:1901224[positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling]
Secreted proteins predicted by MDSEC SignalP predicted secreted proteins Phobius predicted secreted proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins DeepSig predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Human disease related genes Nervous system diseases Other nervous and sensory system diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
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GO:0001819[positive regulation of cytokine production] GO:0002224[toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0002756[MyD88-independent toll-like receptor signaling pathway] GO:0003725[double-stranded RNA binding] GO:0004888[transmembrane signaling receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0016021[integral component of membrane] GO:0032722[positive regulation of chemokine production] GO:0034138[toll-like receptor 3 signaling pathway] GO:0043330[response to exogenous dsRNA] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0050729[positive regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051607[defense response to virus]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
