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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes Disease related genes Enzymes Human disease related genes Metabolic proteins Potential drug targets
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
11
Cytoband
q13.4
Chromosome location (bp)
72223701 - 72239147
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) phosphatase that specifically hydrolyzes the 5-phosphate of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to produce PtdIns(3,4)P2, thereby negatively regulating the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathways 1. Required for correct mitotic spindle orientation and therefore progression of mitosis (By similarity). Plays a central role in regulation of PI3K-dependent insulin signaling, although the precise molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways remain unclear 2. While overexpression reduces both insulin-stimulated MAP kinase and Akt activation, its absence does not affect insulin signaling or GLUT4 trafficking (By similarity). Confers resistance to dietary obesity (By similarity). May act by regulating AKT2, but not AKT1, phosphorylation at the plasma membrane (By similarity). Part of a signaling pathway that regulates actin cytoskeleton remodeling 3,4. Required for the maintenance and dynamic remodeling of actin structures as well as in endocytosis, having a major impact on ligand-induced EGFR internalization and degradation 5. Participates in regulation of cortical and submembraneous actin by hydrolyzing PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 thereby regulating membrane ruffling 6. Regulates cell adhesion and cell spreading 7. Required for HGF-mediated lamellipodium formation, cell scattering and spreading 8. Acts as a negative regulator of EPHA2 receptor endocytosis by inhibiting via PI3K-dependent Rac1 activation 9. Acts as a regulator of neuritogenesis by regulating PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 level and is required to form an initial protrusive pattern, and later, maintain proper neurite outgrowth (By similarity). Acts as a negative regulator of the FC-gamma-RIIA receptor (FCGR2A) 10. Mediates signaling from the FC-gamma-RIIB receptor (FCGR2B), playing a central role in terminating signal transduction from activating immune/hematopoietic cell receptor systems 11. Involved in EGF signaling pathway 12. Upon stimulation by EGF, it is recruited by EGFR and dephosphorylates PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 13. Plays a negative role in regulating the PI3K-PKB pathway, possibly by inhibiting PKB activity 14. Down-regulates Fc-gamma-R-mediated phagocytosis in macrophages independently of INPP5D/SHIP1 (By similarity). In macrophages, down-regulates NF-kappa-B-dependent gene transcription by regulating macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF)-induced signaling (By similarity). Plays a role in the localization of AURKA and NEDD9/HEF1 to the basolateral membrane at interphase in polarized cysts, thereby mediates cell cycle homeostasis, cell polarization and cilia assembly (By similarity). Additionally promotion of cilia growth is also facilitated by hydrolysis of (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3) to PtdIns(3,4)P2 (By similarity). Promotes formation of apical membrane-initiation sites during the initial stages of lumen formation via Rho family-induced actin filament organization and CTNNB1 localization to cell-cell contacts (By similarity). May also hydrolyze PtdIns(1,3,4,5)P4, and could thus affect the levels of the higher inositol polyphosphates like InsP6. Involved in endochondral ossification 15....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Actin-binding, Hydrolase
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Cell adhesion, Immunity, Lipid metabolism
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
The protein encoded by this gene is an SH2-containing 5'-inositol phosphatase that is involved in the regulation of insulin function. The encoded protein also plays a role in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor turnover and actin remodelling. Additionally, this gene supports metastatic growth in breast cancer and is a valuable biomarker for breast cancer. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2009]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Kim et al 2014) Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins SCAMPI predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Enzymes ENZYME proteins Hydrolases Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Disease related genes Potential drug targets Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
Metabolic proteins DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Cancer-related genes Mutated cancer genes Human disease related genes Congenital malformations Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
