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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Cancer-related genes FDA approved drug targets Nuclear receptors Plasma proteins Transcription factors
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
12
Cytoband
q13.13
Chromosome location (bp)
53210567 - 53232980
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, acts mainly as an activator of gene expression due to weak binding to corepressors. Required for limb bud development. In concert with RARA or RARB, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity)....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
DNA-binding, Receptor
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Transcription, Transcription regulation
Ligand (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Metal-binding, Zinc
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a retinoic acid receptor that belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. Retinoic acid receptors (RARs) act as ligand-dependent transcriptional regulators. When bound to ligands, RARs activate transcription by binding as heterodimers to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) found in the promoter regions of the target genes. In their unbound form, RARs repress transcription of their target genes. RARs are involved in various biological processes, including limb bud development, skeletal growth, and matrix homeostasis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Nuclear receptors Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
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GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005667[transcription regulator complex] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006351[DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008361[regulation of cell size] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0032526[response to retinoic acid] GO:0035116[embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043068[positive regulation of programmed cell death] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046965[nuclear retinoid X receptor binding] GO:0048048[embryonic eye morphogenesis] GO:0048384[retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway] GO:0060070[canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
Nuclear receptors Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005667[transcription regulator complex] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008361[regulation of cell size] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0032526[response to retinoic acid] GO:0035116[embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043068[positive regulation of programmed cell death] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046965[nuclear retinoid X receptor binding] GO:0048048[embryonic eye morphogenesis] GO:0048384[retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway] GO:0060070[canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
Nuclear receptors Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001843[neural tube closure] GO:0002063[chondrocyte development] GO:0002068[glandular epithelial cell development] GO:0003417[growth plate cartilage development] GO:0003430[growth plate cartilage chondrocyte growth] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003682[chromatin binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005667[transcription regulator complex] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006351[DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006915[apoptotic process] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008283[cell population proliferation] GO:0008284[positive regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008361[regulation of cell size] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0009952[anterior/posterior pattern specification] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010628[positive regulation of gene expression] GO:0012501[programmed cell death] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0031076[embryonic camera-type eye development] GO:0031641[regulation of myelination] GO:0032331[negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation] GO:0032526[response to retinoic acid] GO:0035116[embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis] GO:0035264[multicellular organism growth] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043068[positive regulation of programmed cell death] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045596[negative regulation of cell differentiation] GO:0045637[regulation of myeloid cell differentiation] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046965[nuclear retinoid X receptor binding] GO:0048048[embryonic eye morphogenesis] GO:0048384[retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway] GO:0048608[reproductive structure development] GO:0048732[gland development] GO:0060070[canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:0060173[limb development] GO:0060324[face development] GO:0060348[bone development] GO:0060349[bone morphogenesis] GO:0060429[epithelium development] GO:0060534[trachea cartilage development] GO:0060740[prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis] GO:0061037[negative regulation of cartilage development] GO:0070384[Harderian gland development] GO:0071300[cellular response to retinoic acid] GO:0072089[stem cell proliferation] GO:1990830[cellular response to leukemia inhibitory factor] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding] GO:2000647[negative regulation of stem cell proliferation]
Nuclear receptors SPOCTOPUS predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Plasma proteins Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains Cancer-related genes Candidate cancer biomarkers FDA approved drug targets Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0005667[transcription regulator complex] GO:0005737[cytoplasm] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0008361[regulation of cell size] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0016020[membrane] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0032526[response to retinoic acid] GO:0035116[embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis] GO:0043065[positive regulation of apoptotic process] GO:0043068[positive regulation of programmed cell death] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046965[nuclear retinoid X receptor binding] GO:0048048[embryonic eye morphogenesis] GO:0048384[retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway] GO:0060070[canonical Wnt signaling pathway] GO:1990837[sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
