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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
19
Cytoband
q13.2
Chromosome location (bp)
39296407 - 39298673
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Cytokine with antiviral, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. Plays a critical role in the antiviral host defense, predominantly in the epithelial tissues. Acts as a ligand for the heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor composed of IL10RB and IFNLR1, and receptor engagement leads to the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway resulting in the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISG), which mediate the antiviral state. Has a restricted receptor distribution and therefore restricted targets: is primarily active in epithelial cells and this cell type-selective action is because of the epithelial cell-specific expression of its receptor IFNLR1. Exerts an immunomodulatory effect by up-regulating MHC class I antigen expression....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Cytokine
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Antiviral defense
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a cytokine distantly related to type I interferons and the IL-10 family. This gene, interleukin 28A (IL28A), and interleukin 28B (IL28B) are three closely related cytokine genes that form a cytokine gene cluster on a chromosomal region mapped to 19q13. Expression of the cytokines encoded by the three genes can be induced by viral infection. All three cytokines have been shown to interact with a heterodimeric class II cytokine receptor that consists of interleukin 10 receptor, beta (IL10RB) and interleukin 28 receptor, alpha (IL28RA). [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
GO:0002829[negative regulation of type 2 immune response] GO:0005102[signaling receptor binding] GO:0005125[cytokine activity] GO:0005576[extracellular region] GO:0005615[extracellular space] GO:0006955[immune response] GO:0007259[receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT] GO:0008285[negative regulation of cell population proliferation] GO:0032002[interleukin-28 receptor complex] GO:0032003[interleukin-28 receptor binding] GO:0032696[negative regulation of interleukin-13 production] GO:0032714[negative regulation of interleukin-5 production] GO:0032729[positive regulation of interferon-gamma production] GO:0038196[type III interferon signaling pathway] GO:0042531[positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein] GO:0043381[negative regulation of memory T cell differentiation] GO:0045087[innate immune response] GO:0045345[positive regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process] GO:0045581[negative regulation of T cell differentiation] GO:0045892[negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0046427[positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT] GO:0050778[positive regulation of immune response] GO:0051607[defense response to virus] GO:0098542[defense response to other organism] GO:0098586[cellular response to virus]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
