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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
FDA approved drug targets Metabolic proteins Nuclear receptors Transcription factors Transporters
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
22
Cytoband
q13.31
Chromosome location (bp)
46150521 - 46243755
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as a transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2. May be required for the propagation of clock information to metabolic pathways regulated by PER2....show less
Molecular function (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins due to their particular molecular function.
Activator, DNA-binding, Receptor
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they bind, are associated with, or whose activity is dependent of some molecule.
Lipid-binding, Metal-binding, Zinc
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
Peroxisome proliferators include hypolipidemic drugs, herbicides, leukotriene antagonists, and plasticizers; this term arises because they induce an increase in the size and number of peroxisomes. Peroxisomes are subcellular organelles found in plants and animals that contain enzymes for respiration and for cholesterol and lipid metabolism. The action of peroxisome proliferators is thought to be mediated via specific receptors, called PPARs, which belong to the steroid hormone receptor superfamily. PPARs affect the expression of target genes involved in cell proliferation, cell differentiation and in immune and inflammation responses. Three closely related subtypes (alpha, beta/delta, and gamma) have been identified. This gene encodes the subtype PPAR-alpha, which is a nuclear transcription factor. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants have been described for this gene, although the full-length nature of only two has been determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
Metabolic proteins Nuclear receptors Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains FDA approved drug targets Biotech drugs Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001228[DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0003707[nuclear steroid receptor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0006351[DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006631[fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0007154[cell communication] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008289[lipid binding] GO:0009267[cellular response to starvation] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0010565[regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process] GO:0010745[negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0010887[negative regulation of cholesterol storage] GO:0010891[negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride] GO:0019216[regulation of lipid metabolic process] GO:0019217[regulation of fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0030512[negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030522[intracellular receptor signaling pathway] GO:0031624[ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding] GO:0032000[positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation] GO:0032099[negative regulation of appetite] GO:0032922[circadian regulation of gene expression] GO:0033993[response to lipid] GO:0042752[regulation of circadian rhythm] GO:0043401[steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0045070[positive regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045820[negative regulation of glycolytic process] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045923[positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046321[positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046889[positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process] GO:0048511[rhythmic process] GO:0050728[negative regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051716[cellular response to stimulus] GO:0051898[negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0061629[RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1900016[negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response] GO:1902894[negative regulation of miRNA transcription] GO:1903038[negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion] GO:1903427[negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process] GO:1903944[negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process] GO:2000191[regulation of fatty acid transport] GO:2000272[negative regulation of signaling receptor activity] GO:2001171[positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process]
Metabolic proteins Nuclear receptors Transporters Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Transcription factors Zinc-coordinating DNA-binding domains FDA approved drug targets Biotech drugs Small molecule drugs Mapped to neXtProt neXtProt - Evidence at protein level
Show all
GO:0000122[negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0000785[chromatin] GO:0000978[RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0000981[DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001223[transcription coactivator binding] GO:0001227[DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001228[DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific] GO:0001666[response to hypoxia] GO:0003677[DNA binding] GO:0003700[DNA-binding transcription factor activity] GO:0003707[nuclear steroid receptor activity] GO:0004879[nuclear receptor activity] GO:0005515[protein binding] GO:0005634[nucleus] GO:0005654[nucleoplasm] GO:0006094[gluconeogenesis] GO:0006351[DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006355[regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0006357[regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0006631[fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0007154[cell communication] GO:0007507[heart development] GO:0008270[zinc ion binding] GO:0008289[lipid binding] GO:0008544[epidermis development] GO:0009267[cellular response to starvation] GO:0009755[hormone-mediated signaling pathway] GO:0010468[regulation of gene expression] GO:0010565[regulation of cellular ketone metabolic process] GO:0010745[negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation] GO:0010876[lipid localization] GO:0010883[regulation of lipid storage] GO:0010887[negative regulation of cholesterol storage] GO:0010891[negative regulation of sequestering of triglyceride] GO:0014070[response to organic cyclic compound] GO:0019216[regulation of lipid metabolic process] GO:0019217[regulation of fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0019902[phosphatase binding] GO:0019904[protein domain specific binding] GO:0030154[cell differentiation] GO:0030512[negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway] GO:0030522[intracellular receptor signaling pathway] GO:0031624[ubiquitin conjugating enzyme binding] GO:0032000[positive regulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation] GO:0032091[negative regulation of protein binding] GO:0032099[negative regulation of appetite] GO:0032868[response to insulin] GO:0032922[circadian regulation of gene expression] GO:0033993[response to lipid] GO:0035095[behavioral response to nicotine] GO:0038023[signaling receptor activity] GO:0042060[wound healing] GO:0042157[lipoprotein metabolic process] GO:0042752[regulation of circadian rhythm] GO:0043401[steroid hormone mediated signaling pathway] GO:0043565[sequence-specific DNA binding] GO:0044877[protein-containing complex binding] GO:0045070[positive regulation of viral genome replication] GO:0045471[response to ethanol] GO:0045722[positive regulation of gluconeogenesis] GO:0045776[negative regulation of blood pressure] GO:0045820[negative regulation of glycolytic process] GO:0045893[positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription] GO:0045923[positive regulation of fatty acid metabolic process] GO:0045944[positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II] GO:0046321[positive regulation of fatty acid oxidation] GO:0046872[metal ion binding] GO:0046889[positive regulation of lipid biosynthetic process] GO:0048511[rhythmic process] GO:0050728[negative regulation of inflammatory response] GO:0051525[NFAT protein binding] GO:0051716[cellular response to stimulus] GO:0051898[negative regulation of protein kinase B signaling] GO:0061052[negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development] GO:0061629[RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:0070166[enamel mineralization] GO:0097371[MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding] GO:0140297[DNA-binding transcription factor binding] GO:1900016[negative regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response] GO:1901215[negative regulation of neuron death] GO:1902894[negative regulation of miRNA transcription] GO:1903038[negative regulation of leukocyte cell-cell adhesion] GO:1903427[negative regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic process] GO:1903944[negative regulation of hepatocyte apoptotic process] GO:2000191[regulation of fatty acid transport] GO:2000272[negative regulation of signaling receptor activity] GO:2001171[positive regulation of ATP biosynthetic process]
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
