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General description of the gene and the encoded protein(s) using information from HGNC and Ensembl, as well as predictions made by the Human Protein Atlas project.
Gene namei
Official gene symbol, which is typically a short form of the gene name, according to HGNC.
Assigned HPA protein class(es) for the encoded protein(s).
Disease related genes Human disease related genes Potential drug targets Transporters
Predicted locationi
All transcripts of all genes have been analyzed regarding the location(s) of corresponding protein based on prediction methods for signal peptides and transmembrane regions.
Genes with at least one transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, according to prediction methods or to UniProt location data, have been further annotated and classified with the aim to determine if the corresponding protein(s) are secreted or actually retained in intracellular locations or membrane-attached.
Remaining genes, with no transcript predicted to encode a secreted protein, will be assigned the prediction-based location(s).
The annotated location overrules the predicted location, so that a gene encoding a predicted secreted protein that has been annotated as intracellular will have intracellular as the final location.
Gene information from Ensembl and Entrez, as well as links to available gene identifiers are displayed here. Information was retrieved from Ensembl if not indicated otherwise.
Chromosome
16
Cytoband
p12.1
Chromosome location (bp)
28474111 - 28495575
Number of transcriptsi
Number of protein-coding transcripts from the gene as defined by Ensembl.
Useful information about the protein provided by UniProt.
Mediates microtubule-dependent, anterograde transport connecting the Golgi network, endosomes, autophagosomes, lysosomes and plasma membrane, and participates in several cellular processes such as regulation of lysosomal pH, lysosome protein degradation, receptor-mediated endocytosis, autophagy, transport of proteins and lipids from the TGN, apoptosis and synaptic transmission 1,2,3,4,5,6. Facilitates the proteins transport from trans-Golgi network (TGN)-to other membrane compartments such as transport of microdomain-associated proteins to the plasma membrane, IGF2R transport to the lysosome where it regulates the CTSD release leading to regulation of CTSD maturation and thereby APP intracellular processing 7,8. Moreover regulates CTSD activity in response to osmotic stress 9,10. Also binds galactosylceramide and transports it from the trans Golgi to the rafts, which may have immediate and downstream effects on cell survival by modulating ceramide synthesis 11. At the plasma membrane, regulates actin-dependent events including filopodia formation, cell migration, and pinocytosis through ARF1-CDC42 pathway and also the cytoskeleton organization through interaction with MYH10 and fodrin leading to the regulation of the plasma membrane association of Na+, K+ ATPase complex 12. Regulates synaptic transmission in the amygdala, hippocampus, and cerebellum through regulation of synaptic vesicles density and their proximity to active zones leading to modulation of short-term plasticity and age-dependent anxious behavior, learning and memory (By similarity). Regulates autophagic vacuoles (AVs) maturation by modulating the trafficking between endocytic and autophagolysosomal/lysosomal compartments, which involves vesicle fusion leading to regulation of degradation process (By similarity). Participates also in cellular homeostasis of compounds such as, water, ions, amino acids, proteins and lipids in several tissue namely in brain and kidney through regulation of their transport and synthesis 13....show less
Biological process (UniProt)i
Keywords assigned by UniProt to proteins because they are involved in a particular biological process.
Transport
Gene summary (Entrez)i
Useful information about the gene from Entrez
This gene encodes a protein that is involved in lysosomal function. Mutations in this, as well as other neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (CLN) genes, cause neurodegenerative diseases commonly known as Batten disease or collectively known as neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs). Many alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]...show less
PROTEIN INFORMATIONi
The protein information section displays alternative protein-coding transcripts (splice variants) encoded by this gene according to the Ensembl database.
The Splice variant identifier links to the Ensembl website protein summary for the selected splice variant. The data in the Swissprot and TrEMBL columns links to corresponding pages in the UniProt database.
The protein classes assigned to this protein are shown if expanding the data in the protein class column. Parent protein classes are in bold font and subclasses are listed under the parent class.
The length of the protein (amino acid residues according to Ensembl), molecular mass (kDalton), predicted signal peptide and number of predicted transmembrane region(s) according to in-house majority decision methods based on sets of predictors are also reported.
DeepTMHMM predicted secreted proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital disorders of metabolism Congenital disorders of lipid/glycolipid metabolism Lysosomal storage diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014)
SPOCTOPUS predicted membrane proteins THUMBUP predicted membrane proteins Predicted intracellular proteins Intracellular proteins predicted by MDM and MDSEC Human disease related genes Congenital disorders of metabolism Congenital disorders of lipid/glycolipid metabolism Lysosomal storage diseases Protein evidence (Ezkurdia et al 2014) DeepTMHMM predicted membrane proteins
The Human Protein Atlas project is funded
